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Roosevelt and World War II


Article # : 15799 

Section : BOOK WORLD
Issue Date : 1 / 1989  4,838 Words
Author : Alan J. Levine
Alan J. Levine is a historian specializing in twentieth- century international relations and the author of From the Normandy Beaches to the Baltic Sea.

       THRESHOLD OF WAR
       Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Entry
       into World War II
       Waldo Heinrichs
       New York: Oxford University Press, 1988
       279 pp., $21.95
       
       ROOSEVELT AND DE GAULLE
       Raoul Aglion
       New York: Free Press, 1988
       237 pp., $22.50
       
       ROOSEVELT AND STALIN
       Robert Nisbet
       Washington: Regnery Gateway, 1989
       115 pp., $14.95
       
        The giant figure of Franklin D. Roosevelt sprawls across the history of the 1930s and 1940s and no less than three of the greatest crises that the United States and the Western world have ever faced: the Great Depression, World War II, and the beginning of the Cold War. Whether people love Roosevelt or hate him--remarkably few people, even from generations that never knew him, have managed to be neutral about him--Roosevelt is likely to remain a towering figure. In part, of course, this is because many of his successors, and especially those who have occupied the office of president since 1960, have not been very impressive, to put it kindly. It is probably too early to assess Ronald Reagan's administration, but it may be argued that Roosevelt's reputation will not suffer by comparison. His historiographical standing remains impressive, although it has undoubtedly declined since 1945. Scholarly critics have raised serious questions about Roosevelt's leadership in foreign policy, a trend typified by Robert Divine's brief survey, Roosevelt and World War II.
       
        Since one of the chief impulses of our era is to "mutilate the images of gods and heroes," it is at first sight surprising that Roosevelt's reputation has not suffered more. Probably this is due to the fact that it would be hard, or at least tedious, to mount a full-blown demolition job on the career of a man who was president for twelve event-filled years and dealt with remarkably different problems. Even conservatives have failed to produce anything since Edgar E. Robinson's unimpressive (although surprisingly objective) 1955 study, The Roosevelt Leadership.
       
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