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Clouds Over the Philippines


Article # : 10727 

Section : CURRENT ISSUES
Issue Date : 1 / 1986  3,088 Words
Author : Karl D. Jackson
Karl D. Jackson is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley.

       On October 13, Senator Paul Laxalt arrived in the Philippines as the much-heralded personal messenger of President Ronald Reagan.
       
        He delivered a handwritten note indicating that the president himself was sorely concerned over the plight of the Philippines and fearful for the future unless major political and economic reforms were immediately forthcoming.
       
        An outside observer might assume under this circumstance that President Marcos was on the ropes and perhaps unlikely to answer the bell for the next round. The pressure had been building since the August, 1983, slaying of former senator Benigno Aquino. United States official demands for reform--issues in fronts of congressional committees--read as though they had been written by President Marcos' domestic critics:
       
        democratic institutions must be revitalized (that is, end your dictatorial ways);
       
        restore the free market economy (that is, end the monopolistic practices that have allowed your crony supporters to amass both wealth and power);
       
        reinvigorate military professionalism(that is, retire the over-age generals who provide you with unquestioning support) and
       
        do justice in the Aquino assassination case (that is, do not reinstate General Ver as chief of the armed forces). The image projected by much of the international media is of a sixty-eight-year-old man, supposedly dying of a degenerative disease, reportedly maintained in power only by his links to the Reagan administration, and faced with a burgeoning communist insurrection in the midst of a rapidly declining economy.
       
        In light of the bluntness of the message and the importance of the messenger, one might have expected President Marcos to be shattered, for his support to melt away, and for talk of coup d'etats to dominate Manila's rumor mill.
       
        Seeking New Mandate
       
        Instead, within three weeks, Marcos seized the political initiative and declared a snap election to attain a new mandate, thereby stealing the thunder from his critics in the United States, and sending his opposition scurrying in several directions to fight an election in which Marcos, the
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